Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal showing a markedly stronger nuclear NFIX staining of tumor than of stromal cells
Staining Pattern in Normal Tissues
Manual protocol
Freshly cut sections should be used (less than 10 days between cutting and staining). Heat-induced antigen retrieval for 5 minutes in an autoclave at 121°C in pH 7,8 Target Retrieval Solution buffer. Apply HMV329 at a dilution of 1:200 at 37°C for 60 minutes. Visualization of bound antibody by the EnVision Kit (Dako, Agilent) according to the manufacturer’s directions.
| Brain | Cerebrum, grey | Negative | |
| Cerebrum, white | Negative | ||
| Cerebellum, cortex | Negative | ||
| Cerebellum, white | Negative | ||
| Ganglion | Negative | ||
| Ependyma | Negative | ||
| Eye, retina | Negative | ||
| Endocrine Tissues | Thyroid | Distinct nuclear NFIX staining of follicular cells. | |
| Parathyroid gland | Moderate nuclear NFIX staining of all epithelial cells. | ||
| Adrenal gland | Medulla with distinct nuclear NFIX staining of few interspersed stromal (sustentacular cells? endothelial?) cells while adrenal medullary cells remain NFIX negative. Weak to moderate staining of adrenocortical cells. | ||
| Pituitary gland, anterior lobe | Negative | ||
| Pituitary gland, posterior lobe | Negative | ||
| Respiratory system | Lung bronchi | Negative | |
| Lung, bronchial glands | Negative | ||
| Nose, paranasal sinus | Negative | ||
| Lung, parenchyma | Negative | ||
| Proximal digestive tract | Lip | Negative | |
| Oral cavity | Negative | ||
| Tonsil, surface | Negative | ||
| Esophagus, mucosa | Negative | ||
| Lip, small salivary gland | Negative | ||
| Sublingual gland | Negative | ||
| Parotid gland | Negative | ||
| Submandibullary gland | Negative | ||
| Gastronintestinal tract | Stomach, antrum | Negative | |
| Stomach, fundus and corpus | Negative | ||
| Small intestine, duodenum | Negative | ||
| Duodenum, Brunner gland | Negative | ||
| Small intestine, ileum | Negative | ||
| Appendix | Moderate to strong nuclear NFIX staining of epithelial cells. | ||
| Colon descendens | Negative | ||
| Rectum | Weak to moderate to strong nuclear NFIX staining of epithelial cells. Slight but significant decrease of NFIX staining intensity from the crypt base to the superficial epithelial cell layers. | ||
| Anal canal, transition epithelium | Negative | ||
| Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas | Liver | Nuclear NFIX staining is largely absent in hepatocytes. NFIX staining is seen in stromal cells. | |
| Gallbladder | Nuclear NFIX staining is weak to moderate in epithelial cells but stronger in stromal cells. | ||
| Pancreas | Strong nuclear NFIX staining of epithelial cells of excretory ducts and of intercalated ducts. NFIX staining is distinctively weaker and sometimes absent in acinar cells. | ||
| Kidney, urinary bladder | Kidney, cortex | Negative | |
| Kidney, medulla | Negative | ||
| Urinary bladder, urothelium | Negative | ||
| Kidney pelvis, mucosa | Negative | ||
| Male tissues | Prostate | Strong nuclear NFIX staining of stromal and of all epithelial cells. | |
| Seminal vesicle | Negative | ||
| Epididymis caput | Negative | ||
| Epididymis cauda | Negative | ||
| Testis | Distinct nuclear NFIX staining of intertubular cells (including Leydig cells). Complete absence of NFIX staining in tubular cells (Sertoli cells, germ cells). | ||
| Female Tissues | Breast, glands | Negative | |
| Ectocervix | Negative | ||
| Endocervix | Negative | ||
| Endometrium, proliferation | Negative | ||
| Endometrium, secretion | Negative | ||
| Uterus, myometrium | Strong nuclear NFIX staining of smooth muscle cells. | ||
| Fallopian tube | Strong nuclear NFIX staining of all cells. | ||
| Ovary, stroma | Negative | ||
| Ovary, follicular cyst | Negative | ||
| Ovary, corpus luteum | Negative | ||
| Amnion | Negative | ||
| Chorion | Negative | ||
| Amnion/Chorion | Negative | ||
| Placenta, early, decidua | Negative | ||
| Placenta, first trimenon | Negative | ||
| Placenta, mature | Strong nuclear NFIX staining of stromal cells while trophoblast cells remain negative. | ||
| Muscle, connective & soft tissue | Aorta, intima | Negative | |
| Skeletal muscle | Strong nuclear NFIX staining of all muscle cells. | ||
| Aorta, media | Negative | ||
| Skeletal muscle, tongue | Negative | ||
| Heart, left ventricle | Negative | ||
| Kidney pelvis, muscular wall | Negative | ||
| Urinary bladder, muscular wall | Negative | ||
| Esophagus, muscular wall | Negative | ||
| Stomach, muscular wall | Negative | ||
| Ileum, muscular wall | Negative | ||
| Appendix, muscular wall | Negative | ||
| Colon descendens, muscular wall | Negative | ||
| Penis, glans, corpus spongiosum | Negative | ||
| Fat, white | Negative | ||
| Skin | Skin, surface | Negative | |
| Skin (hairs, sebaceous glands) | Negative | ||
| Anal canal, skin | Negative | ||
| Scrotum | Negative | ||
| Bone Marrow & lymphoid tissues | Bone marrow | Strong nuclear NFIX staining of a rather small subset of cells (often arranged in groups). | |
| Thymus | Lymphocytes are NFIX negative. Distinct nuclear NFIX staining of epithelial cells. Maturing squamous epithelial cells of corpuscles of Hassall’s do only stain weakly or remain negative. | ||
| Spleen | Distinct nuclear NFIX staining of stromal and endothelial cells. Lymphocytes are NFIX negative. | ||
| Lymph node | Distinct nuclear NFIX staining of stromal and endothelial cells. Lymphocytes are NFIX negative. | ||
| Tonsil, deep | Negative |
NFIX
(HMV329)
NFIX is a master transcription factor interacting with many other transcription factors and chromatin.
Details
More product details
More product details
Biology behind
Nuclear factor 1 X-type (NFIX) is a transcription factor protein which is coded by the NFIX gene on chromosome 19p13.13. Besides NFIA, NFIB, NFIC, NFIX is one out of four closely related members of the nuclear factor I (NFI) family of transcription factors. The family members share a particularly high rate of interactions with other transcription factors. They are therefore thought to not only directly regulate the expression of genes but also believed to modulate the function of other transcription factors. NFIX is known to play a role in muscle and central nervous system embryonic development. For example, NFIX has been shown to control the timing of neural differentiation promoting the ongoing growth of the hippocampus and proper memory function. The role of NFIX in other tissues is less intensively studied. Various types of NFIX alterations have been found in tumors. Mechanisms leading to both increased and reduced expression have been found to promote pro-tumorigenic functions, such as increased cell proliferation and migration and disturbed differentiation.
Protocol Recommendations
Protocol Recommendations
Potential Research Applications
Potential Research Applications
Evidence For Antibody Specificity In I H C
Evidence For Antibody Specificity In I H C
