Tonsil showing many TIGIT positive lymphocytes are in the interfollicular area while the strongest TIGIT staining occurs in a subset of lymphocytes in the germinal centre
Staining Pattern in Normal Tissues
Manual protocol
Freshly cut sections should be used (less than 10 days between cutting and staining). Heat-induced antigen retrieval for 5 minutes in an autoclave at 121°C in pH 7,8 Target Retrieval Solution buffer. Apply HMV322 at a dilution of 1:150 at 37°C for 60 minutes. Visualization of bound antibody by the EnVision Kit (Dako, Agilent) according to the manufacturer’s directions.
| Brain | Cerebrum | Negative | |
| Cerebellum | Negative | ||
| Endocrine tissues | Thyroid | Negative | |
| Parathyroid | Negative | ||
| Adrenal gland | Negative | ||
| Pituitary gland | Negative | ||
| Respiratory system | Respiratory epithelium | Negative | |
| Lung | Negative | ||
| Gastrointestinal tract | Salivary glands | Negative | |
| Esophagus | Negative | ||
| Stomach | Negative | ||
| Duodenum | Negative | ||
| Small intestine | Negative | ||
| Appendix | Negative | ||
| Colon | Negative | ||
| Rectum | Negative | ||
| Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas | Liver | Negative | |
| Gallbladder | Negative | ||
| Pancreas | Negative | ||
| Genitourinary | Kidney | Negative | |
| Urothelium | Negative | ||
| Male tissues | Prostate | Negative | |
| Seminal Vesicles | Negative | ||
| Testis | Negative | ||
| Epididymis | Negative | ||
| Female tissues | Breast | Negative | |
| Uterus, myometrium | Negative | ||
| Uterus, ectocervix | Negative | ||
| Uterus, endocervix | Negative | ||
| Uterus, endometrium | Negative | ||
| Fallopian tube | Negative | ||
| Ovary | Negative | ||
| Placenta early | Negative | ||
| Placenta mature | Negative | ||
| Amnion | Negative | ||
| Chorion | Negative | ||
| Skin | Epidermis | Negative | |
| Sebaceous glands | Negative | ||
| Muscle, connective & soft tissues | Heart muscle | Negative | |
| Skeletal muscle | Negative | ||
| Smooth muscle | Negative | ||
| Vessel walls | Negative | ||
| Fat | Negative | ||
| Stroma | Negative | ||
| Endothelium | Negative | ||
| Bone marrow & lymphoid tissues | Bone marrow | Negative | |
| Lymph node | Most TIGIT positive lymphocytes are in the interfollicular area while the strongest TIGIT staining occurs in the few labeled lymphocytes in germinal centres. | ||
| Spleen | Weak to moderate TIGIT staining of a subset of lymphocytes. | ||
| Thymus | Weak to moderate TIGIT staining of a subset of lymphocytes. | ||
| Tonsil | Negative |
Details
More product details
More product details
Biology behind
TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the poliovirus receptor (PVR) family which is coded by the TIGIT gene at 3q13.31. TIGIT acts as an inhibitory immune receptor (immune checkpoint) which can bind to CD155 with high affinity, and to CD112 with lower affinity. TIGIT expression is restricted to some CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD4+ T helper cells, FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, and NK cells. The highest level of expression occurs in CD4+ follicular T helper cells located in the germinal centre periphery orientated towards the tonsil surface epithelium. TIGIT expression has a limiting effect on antitumoral immune reactions. TIGIT inhibition, by either genetic ablation or blocking antibodies, increases T-cell activation and proliferation in response to stimulation and consequently results in reduced tumor growth in experimental models. Various compounds targeting TIGIT have been developed (i.e. tiragolumab, domvanalimab, vibostolimab, etigilimab, m6223, ociperlimab) and are currently evaluated in clinical trials, mostly in combination with other immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Protocol Recommendations
Protocol Recommendations
Potential Research Applications
Potential Research Applications
Evidence For Antibody Specificity In I H C
Evidence For Antibody Specificity In I H C
